DOC The Encyclopedia of Louisville by From Brand: The University Press of Kentucky in History

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With a new foreword by Gary W. Gallagher Selected as one of the best one hundred books ever written on the Civil War by Civil War Times Illustrated and by Civil War: The Magazine of the Civil War Society A new; revised edition of the only full-scale biography of the Confederacy's top-ranking field general during the opening campaigns of the Civil War._x000D_ In 1941 Berek Jakubowicz (now Benjamin Jacobs) was deported from his Polish village and remained a prisoner of the Reich until the final days of the war. His possession of a few dental tools and rudimentary skills saved his life. Jacobs helped assemble V1 and V2 rockets in Buchenwald and Dora-Mittelbau; spent a year and a half in Auschwitz; where he was forced to remove gold teeth from corpses; and survived the RAF attack on three ocean liners turned prison camps in the Bay of Lubeck. This is his story._x000D_ "Even though women were not supposed to be on the front lines; on the front lines we were. Women were not supposed to be interned either; but it happened to us. People should know what we endured. People should know what we can endure."―Lt. Col. Madeline Ullom More than one hundred U.S. Army and Navy nurses were stationed in Guam and the Philippines at the beginning of World War II. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor in December 1941; five navy nurses on Guam became the first American military women of World War II to be taken prisoner by the Japanese. More than seventy army nurses survived five months of combat conditions in the jungles of Bataan and Corregidor before being captured; only to endure more than three years in prison camps. When freedom came; the U.S. military ordered the nurses to sign agreements with the government not to discuss their horrific experiences. Evelyn Monahan and Rosemary Neidel-Greenlee have conducted numerous interviews with survivors and scoured archives for letters; diaries; and journals to uncover the heroism and sacrifices of these brave women._x000D_ Meeting at an African American college in North Carolina in 1959; a group of black and white Episcopalians organized the Episcopal Society for Cultural and Racial Unity and pledged to oppose all distinctions based on race; ethnicity; and social class. They adopted a motto derived from Psalm 133: "Behold; how good and joyful a thing it is; for brethren to dwell together in unity!" Though the spiritual intentions of these individuals were positive; the reality of the association between blacks and whites in the church was much more complicated. Episcopalians and Race examines the often ambivalent relationship between black communities and the predominantly white leadership of the Episcopal Church since the Civil War. Paying special attention to the 1950s and 60s; Gardiner Shattuck analyzes the impact of the civil rights movement on church life; especially in southern states. He discusses the Church's lofty goals―exemplified by the Episcopal Society for Cultural and Racial Unity―and ignoble practices and attitudes; such as the failure to recognize the role of black clergy and laity within the denomination. The efforts of mainline Protestant denominations were critically important in the struggle for civil rights; and Episcopalians expended a great deal of time and resources in engaging in the quest for racial equality and strengthening the missionary outreach to African Americans in the South. Shattuck offers an insider's history of Episcopalians' efforts; both successful and unsuccessful; to come to terms with race and racism since the Civil War._x000D_ As one of only two states in the nation to still allow slavery by the time of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865; Kentucky's history of slavery runs deep. Based on extensive research; The Antislavery Movement in Kentucky focuses on two main antislavery movements that emerged in Kentucky during the early years of opposition. By 1820; Kentuckians such as Cassius Clay called for the emancipation of slaves―a gradual end to slavery with compensation to owners. Others; such as Delia Webster; who smuggled three fugitive slaves across the Kentucky border to freedom in Ohio; advocated for abolition―an immediate and uncompensated end to the institution. Neither movement was successful; yet the tenacious spirit of those who fought for what they believed contributes a proud chapter to Kentucky history._x000D_ From South Carolina to South Vietnam; America's two hundred-year involvement in guerrilla warfare has been extensive and varied. America and Guerrilla Warfare analyzes conflicts in which Americans have participated in the role of; on the side of; or in opposition to guerrilla forces; providing a broad comparative and historical perspective on these types of engagements.Anthony James Joes examines nine case studies; ranging from the role of Francis Marion; the Swamp Fox; in driving Cornwallis to Yorktown and eventual surrender to the U.S. support of Afghan rebels that hastened the collapse of the Soviet Empire. He analyzes the origins of each conflict; traces American involvement; and seeks patterns and deviations. Studying numerous campaigns; including ones staged by Confederate units during the Civil War; Joes reveals the combination of elements that can lead a nation to success in guerrilla warfare or doom it to failure.In a controversial interpretation; he suggests that valuable lessons were forgotten or ignored in Southeast Asia. The American experience in Vietnam was a debacle but; according to Joes; profoundly atypical of the country's overall experience with guerrilla warfare. He examines several twentieth-century conflicts that should have better prepared the country for Vietnam: the Philippines after 1898; Nicaragua in the 1920s; Greece in the late 1940s; and the Philippines again during the Huk War of 1946-1954. Later; during the long Salvadoran conflict of the 1980s; American leaders seemed to recall what they had learned from their experiences with this type of warfare.Guerrilla insurgencies did not end with the Cold War. As America faces recurring crises in the Balkans; sub-Saharan Africa; the Middle East; and possibly Asia; a comprehensive analysis of past guerrilla engagements is essential for today's policymakers._x000D_ Following the Japanese invasion of the islands in 1942; North Luzon was the staging area for several Filipino-American guerrilla bands who sought to gather intelligence and to destroy enemy military installations or supplies. Bernard Norling focuses on the Cagayan-Apayao Forces; or CAF; commanded by Maj. Ralph Praeger. Their bravery was unquestionable; but by September 1943 all but one member of Troop C had been claimed by combat; enemy capture; or disease. The only survivor; Capt. Thomas S. Jones; remembered; ""Defeat is a terrible thing. . . . It brings down with it the whole structure about which a nation or an army has been built. It subjects men to the most severe of moral tests at a time when they are physically least able to meet them."" Based primarily upon unpublished sources; The Intrepid Guerrillas of North Luzon includes the diary of Praeger's executive officer; Jones; and draws on transcripts of radio communications between Praeger and General MacArthur's headquarters in Australia. The struggles of the men of the CAF tell a harrowing tale of valor; determination; and occasional successes mixed with the wildcat schemes; rivalries; mistrust; and betrayals that characterized the intramural relations of guerrilla forces all over the Pacific islands.