By the end of 1941 the Soviet Union was near collapse and its air force almost annihilated; leaving large numbers of surviving pilots with no aircraft to fly. At this juncture the United Kingdom put aside its prewar animosities toward the Communists and despatched several hundred Hurricane fighters despite the fact that at this time the British were still struggling to supply the RAF with modern fighters in North Africa and the Far East. A total of 4300 Hurricanes and Spitfires; as well as several hundred Tomahawks; Kittyhawks and Airacobras; obtained from the USA under Lend-lease; were eventually supplied to the USSR in an attempt to present a Russian defeat. After the United States had entered the war; the Americans extended Lend-lease to include direct supply to the Soviets as well as the British; and among the aircraft sent were almost 10;000 fighters - mainly P-39s; P-40s and P-63s. Although many of these aircraft were outdated when they arrived; and some were not particularly suited to Russian operating conditions; they served when they were needed. A number of Russian pilots became Heroes of the Soviet Union flying Lend-lease aircraft; and many more gained their early experience before converting to their own Yaks and Lavochkins. All of these types; including the Hurricane; remained in active units until the end of the war; and even into the post-war period. The Soviet government tried to play down or conceal the importance of Lend-lease fighters until well into the 1980s; and the pilots who flew them were discriminated against as 'foreigners'. Only in recent years have these pilots felt free to admit what they flew; and now the fascinating story of these men and their heroic achievements can emerge.
#6443728 in Books 2010-03-10Original language:EnglishPDF # 1 .90 x 6.10 x 9.10l; .95 #File Name: 1844159604224 pages
Review
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful. good reference for british medalsBy anglokiwii was pleased with this publication for reference purposes. there were less coloured photographs of the medals and ribbons than i thought and i wish the writer would think about this on next edition as it helps in identification. a great aid.4 of 4 people found the following review helpful. Not as complete as I would have liked.By Ned MiddletonI am no stranger to the subject of British medals. Not only do I have several of my own from a former career in uniform; I have studied the subject and I also occasionally write for television on military matters. Consequently; I am continually; frustrated by the basic errors seen on both the small and large screens. How many films depicting events "during" WW2; for example; show British personnel wearing medals struck to commemorate victory over Axis forces when the medals were struck after the war was over. Similarly; on British television; in the very first episode of the final series of the popular "Soldier Soldier" the Commanding Officer was talking of his men "fighting and dying in the Falklands" and yet he was not even wearing the medal for that particular campaign!My other pet hate is the increased use of the word "military" to encompass all armed forces - including Naval and Air Forces; when the word actually refers to ground troops - i.e. soldiers. Within British awards; there is the Navy Cross; Air Force Cross and Military Cross available separately to each our different services although members of the Royal Marines; which are part of the Royal Navy; will be considered for the MC simply because their fighting role is similar to that of the army.Whilst I am; therefore; disappointed with the title of this book; I am also confused by a significant amount of the content - such as the inclusion of certain civilian awards - WRVS (Women's Royal Voluntary Service); civil service; colonial police; prison service and others which are certainly not armed fighting units. Some of the information is incomplete such as the Ulster Defence Regiment (UDR) medal with no mention of the post nominal letters "UD" (Ulster Decoration) being used by officers of that regiment in the same way as "TD" (Territorial Decoration) is used by officers of the Territorial Army.Elsewhere; we are left wondering what is meant by the author's choice of words. The use of "Others never did." At the end of one photo caption is a good example. Similarly; we are informed that the present day Army Long Service and Good Conduct medal with Queen Elizabeth II head was introduced in 1930 and is still issued today. I don't think Queen Elizabeth was on the throne in 1930. Yes; I know what the author "meant" to say; but I am commenting on what is said and his introduction of ambiguity.Nevertheless; much of what is written is very refreshing. Unlike other books about British medals; we have some additional information over and above basic data. Although (again!) not a `military' medal; I learned that a medal was issued to the crew of the Carpathia for their work in rescuing survivors of the Titanic disaster. I also discovered the Tayleur Medal awarded for life-saving between 1861 and 1875 - instituted from funds raised to benefit survivors of the ship Tayleur which sank in 1854.The second part of the book's title reads; "A Guide for the Collector and Family Historian." I wonder how many people have inherited perhaps an obscure medal (or medals) and wonder why they were awarded. With so few medals being depicted in this book and even fewer ribbons shown in colour; I fear the researcher is unlikely to find the answer here.Altogether; therefore; considerable confusion on a number of fronts; insufficient illustrations and yet occasional significant new "additional" information which I have not seen recorded in books on similar subjects.NM
